Corruption ( in publication ) is driven today by multiple factors whose sinister origin could be traced to Robert Maxwell . He created the publishing house for scientific journals that soon became money making enterprise . Prior to him, idea of making money out of scientific work was absurd . Of course business group created corporations and scientists patented their works but knowledge was freely shared , particularly among academics.

He did couple of things . He introduced the idea of adding the honorific: International, to the Journal . He also wowed the scientists with wine and dine in lavish resort and hotel . In exchange he demanded the scientists published exclusively in his International Journal .

He apparently also went to Soviet Russia in 50s and grabbed some of them to publish their works ( which caught the eyes of US and UK intelligence ) .

Soon he won’t pay anybody . His journals became the standard bearer. Getting published in his journals became the touchstone of serious academic work and a proof of excellence .

Suddenly the tax payer funded research was not free to tax payers. Researchers won’t get paid by the journals nor the peer reviewers .

Above all scientist whose life depends on researches and informations can’t access unless the affiliated institutions paid millions per year to get access to those journals .

Maxwell will die at the hand of Mossad or Scotland grad because he was getting too big for his breeches , for he already had widened his empire built around intelligence and international crime syndicate involving the shakers and movers of the western world ,Israel,Latin America, and was trying to shake down powerful people as he was raking up a lot of debts . His daughter now sitting in jail for Epstein related scandal was groomed by him to carry the family business to stratosphere .

But those companies that he built and sold continue to operate on his principles making more money than Apple or Microsoft in terms of yearly return .