Gripe water is a traditional over-the-counter herbal supplement used to relieve infant colic, gas, and digestive discomfort. Its composition has changed significantly over time.

Original/Historical Composition

The original Woodward’s Gripe Water, invented in 1851 by English pharmacist William Woodward, contained:

• 3.6% alcohol (for sedative effects)
• Dill oil (or dill seed oil, for carminative properties to ease gas)
• Sodium bicarbonate (baking soda, as an antacid)
• Sugar (for sweetness and soothing)
• Water

This formula was adapted from a malaria treatment and remained largely unchanged for much of the 19th and 20th centuries, though some variants had up to 9% alcohol. Alcohol was phased out due to safety concerns—removed in Britain by 1992 and restricted in the US earlier.

Modern Composition

Today’s gripe water is typically alcohol-free and often sugar-free (or uses alternative sweeteners like glycerin or maltitol to avoid dental issues). Formulations vary by brand and region, but common ingredients include:

• Sodium bicarbonate (still a core antacid in many, e.g., Woodward’s)
• Dill oil or terpeneless dill seed oil (traditional carminative)
• Herbs such as fennel, ginger, chamomile, or lemon balm (for soothing digestion and gas relief)
• Base of water, glycerin, or other vehicles; preservatives like citric acid or parabens in some

Examples:

• Woodward’s (current): Terpeneless dill seed oil and sodium bicarbonate (alcohol- and sugar-free).
• Mommy’s Bliss: Organic fennel, ginger, and sodium bicarbonate.
• Other brands may add peppermint or kiwifruit extract.

Evidence for effectiveness is mostly anecdotal, with limited scientific support beyond possible soothing from sweetness or herbs. Always consult a pediatrician before use, as ingredients aren’t strictly regulated.