Dr. Thayil John Cherian (popularly known as T.J. Cherian or TJC; 29 August 1920 – 6 March 2006) was a pioneering Indian cardiothoracic surgeon from Kerala, known for his skill, social commitment and compassionate approach to patients. The Government of India awarded him the Padma Shri in 1972 and the Padma Bhushan in 1992.

Born on 29 August 1920 in Kottarakkara, Kerala, he studied at Madras Christian College School and Madras Christian College before joining Madras Medical College for his MBBS. He specialised in cardiovascular and thoracic surgery, completed residency in New South Wales, Australia (where he registered as a medical practitioner), and further trained in Canada, earning an MD. He was elected a Fellow of the American College of Surgeons.

Cherian began his career as a medical officer with the Indian Railways. He rose through the ranks, serving at various railway hospitals before becoming Medical Superintendent and Chief Medical Officer of the Southern Railway. His most significant work was at the Perambur Railway Hospital in Chennai, where he helped develop one of India’s early centres for open-heart surgery in the 1960s and 1970s. He acquired advanced equipment, including a heart-lung machine, and recruited talented surgeons, creating an environment in which complex cardiac procedures could be performed and young surgeons trained.

He was known for rarely charging fees from patients who could not afford them. When pressed to accept payment he would smile and say, “You wouldn’t be able to afford my fees.” His approach combined technical excellence with genuine concern for the underprivileged.

After retirement he continued to contribute to medical care, including pioneering efforts in stroke management. He received an emerald-studded ring from Sathya Sai Baba in recognition of his service.

Dr. Thayil John Cherian passed away on 6 March 2006 in Chennai at the age of 85 and was laid to rest at St. George’s Cathedral. He is remembered as a skilled surgeon who built capacity for cardiac care within the public system and treated patients with unusual kindness and humility.