Monthly Archives: September 2026

Renowned Neurosurgeon Dr Sachin Kandhari dies in New Delhi

New Delhi, September 27: Renowned neurosurgeon and Managing Director of the Institute of Brain & Spine (IBS), New Delhi, Dr Sachin Kandhari, died following a massive cardiac arrest in the national capital. He was 50. Dr Kandhari’s untimely death has sent shockwaves through the medical fraternity, particularly among his friends, patients and professional associates in […]

black cumin

Kalaunji (kalonji) seeds—Nigella sativa, also called black seed or black cumin—have documented anti-inflammatory effects, supported by traditional use, animal studies, and some human trials. The main active compound is thymoquinone (TQ) in the seed oil, along with other phenolics and volatiles. They have been used in Unani, Ayurvedic, and Middle Eastern medicine for rheumatism, joint […]

The wise do not ask what can already be seen.

The wise do not ask what can already be seen. Chanakya believed that most truths are not hidden, they are simply ignored. In courts where one careless question could invite betrayal, Chanakya learned to read people without interrogation. His intelligence lay in observation, not confrontation. Chanakya taught that human beings constantly reveal their intentions through […]

Prescribing cascade

A prescribing cascade is not “too many ” in general. It is a specific error of interpretation: a side effect of Drug A is treated as a new disease, so Drug B is added. Drug B can then cause its own side effect, and Drug C follows. The first drug may still be needed; the […]

Dr. Satish Kumar Singh — The Story of a Doctor Who Made Bihar His Field of Work

Dr. Satish Kumar Singh — The Story of a Doctor Who Made Bihar His Field of Work Dr. Satish Kumar Singh is a doctor who left behind major opportunities and attractive offers from within the country and abroad and chose to come to Bihar. His dream was to bring Emergency, Trauma, and Critical Care in […]

Generation Z in My Clinic, My Home & in the Mirror

Generation Z in My Clinic, My Home & in the Mirror The first time I noticed it was not in a journal or a webinar. It was a boy of nineteen sitting on my examination chair, hoodie up, one earbud still in, as if the world might need him back at any second. “So,” I […]

Dr. Suri Srimati

At 5:30 a.m. in Hyderabad, while most of the city is still stretching into the day, Dr. Suri Srimathi is already on her yoga mat. She is 92. After pranayama she will drive herself to work, review cases, and—if the list demands it—walk into an operating theatre and deliver a baby. She has been doing […]

SC Pulls Up Pharma Cos, Calls Inflated Medicine Prices ‘Daylight Robbery’Indu Bhan

New Delhi: Taking exception to the large gap between the price to retailer (PTR) and the maximum retail price of certain cancer medicines, the Supreme Court on Tuesday asked why manufacturers should be permitted to fix MRP several times higher than their actual sale price. Drug manufacturers and retailers are committing “daylight robbery” by selling […]

Taxes

India does not have one tax. It has a tax joint family that lives in every wallet, every invoice, every UPI ping, and every “congratulations, you sold a house.” Below is a field guide. Rates change with budgets and GST Council meetings; treat this as a map, not a CA certificate. Direct taxes (the ones […]

Leucovorin

Leucovorin (also called folinic acid, calcium folinate, or citrovorum factor) is a reduced, already-active form of folate (vitamin B9). It is used as a prescription medicine, not as a general vitamin supplement. Unlike ordinary folic acid, it does not need conversion by the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). That is why it can work when that […]

Fahr disease

Fahr disease is the old name for primary familial brain calcification (PFBC): bilateral calcium deposits in the basal ganglia and often other brain regions, without a metabolic or other secondary cause. Doctors now prefer PFBC. Fahr syndrome usually means the same CT picture caused by something else (especially parathyroid disease). The two look similar on […]

M.C. Gupta

Dr M.C. Gupta, cardiologist, teacher, and unofficial cartoonist of the medical college blackboard, used to greet freshers with a diagnosis that no textbook contained. “When you boys enter MBBS,” he would say, chalk already squeaking, “you have a big mouth and small eyes.” On the board appeared a creature that looked like a goldfish that […]

Krishan Avtar

Dr. Krishan Avtar, born on 19 July 1970, is a Dehradun neurologist who built a hospital so that people from the hills would not have to travel to Delhi for brain and nerve care. He is Chairman and CEO of Synergy Institute of Medical Sciences on Canal Road, Ballupur, and still heads its Department of […]

Bias in law. Special Courts, Protective Statutes, and the Price Paid by the Other Litigant

Tilted Scales: Special Courts, Protective Statutes, and the Price Paid by the Other Litigant The ceiling fan in the designated court moved as if it too were tired of the afternoon. A plastic bottle of water sat unopened on the expert’s table. The file was medical, the allegation grave, the complainant a woman whose life […]

Praveen Chandra

In the city of Gorakhpur in Uttar Pradesh, on 15 March 1963, a boy named Praveen Chandra was born into a family where medicine already ran in the blood. His father, a doctor, quietly planted the seed of healing. Young Praveen studied at Colvin Taluqdar College in Lucknow and then entered the historic halls of […]

Dr. Mahesh Verma

The Dentist Who Built an Institution and Made Implants Affordable: The Story of Dr. Mahesh Verma From the dental colleges of Thiruvananthapuram to the heart of Delhi’s public healthcare system, Dr. Mahesh Verma has spent a lifetime raising the standard of oral health in India. A prosthodontist of national stature, he is known both for […]

Dilip Kumar Singh

In the district of Banka in Bihar, on 26 June 1926, a boy named Dilip Kumar Singh was born into a family already devoted to healing. His father, Dr. Yamuna Prasad Singh, had set the example. Young Dilip followed the same path, graduating with his MBBS from Patna Medical College in 1952. Opportunities abroad opened […]

Whatever you do!!

Neeraj Kumar Jain, Complaint Case No. 37 of 2014, SCDRC Bihar — A pregnant patient complained of severe abdominal pain and absence of foetal movement. The treating doctor relied on an ultrasound report indicating normal findings and failed to adequately reconcile the report with the patient’s worsening clinical condition. The foetus was subsequently found dead […]

Morphine

Freedom from Pain – Part Two.entry-headerDECEMBER 20, 2014 ~ LEAVE A COMMENT.entry-metaWhy is worldwide access to morphine so poor?Morphine is deemed an essential medication for a basic healthcare system to function (WHO Model List of Essential Medicines) but it is effectively unavailable in almost 150 countries.  Just a handful of Western countries consume 90% of […]

Causes of loss of Doctors image, consequences & remedy

Part 1 (PDF files are difficult to read in mobiles. I would like to request you to read it in your laptop. Also if the hyperlinks do not work in your mobile, please open with another PDF reader app, or read the PDF in your computer) In recent times a lot of outbursts towards doctors […]

G G Prabhu

July 11,2019. Remembering and Celebrating the life of Prof. Prabhu G.G. Yesterday when I received the news of Prof.Prabhu leaving the physical body, I experienced both a personal and professional loss.   I have known Prabhuji (that is how I used to refer to him) since 1975 and the last time I shared time  with […]

Save the residents

one more resident … one more dream died R.I. P brother we will miss u.. First year Junior Resident M. S. General Surgery Dr Vineeth Nair , B.R.D Medical College Gorakhpur UP had committed suicide because of uncooperative environment of department and seniors. that resident was in severe depression beacuse of the condition there. the […]

Antidepressant for dogs and cats

Given the state of the economy, and upticks in home foreclosures and employment rates in the past few years, it may come as no surprise that antidepressants are now the most frequently used medications among Americans between the ages of 18 and 44, according to the Centers for Disease People may have a lot to […]

Baseless Conspiracy Theories Claim New Coronavirus Was Bioengineered

By Jessica McDonald Posted on February 7, 2020 Several online stories inaccurately claim that the new coronavirus contains HIV “insertions” and shows signs of being created in a lab. But there is no evidence that the new virus was bioengineered, and every indication it came from an animal. Full Story  The latest conspiracy theories about […]

Social support

What is social support? Social support is having close relationships with other people. Support often comes from family, friends, neighbors, or coworkers. It means not feeling alone, “outside of things”, or lonely. It is important for self-esteem. Social support also has many health benefits. It can help you: Be less likely to become depressed Cope […]

Body image

The effects of body image on self-esteem can be especially powerful during the teenage years. Although it’s perfectly normal to have negative thoughts and feelings towards yourself once in a while, finding ways to be positive is the key to building a healthy body image and positive self-esteem. What is body image? Body image is […]

letting go resentment

What is resentment? Resentment is a feeling of anger about something that seems unfair. Bad things happen to everyone. Money problems, health problems, or

Purdah and covid.

The author of a recent New England Journal of Medicine study on the virus, Alimuddin I. Zumla, said he didn’t know the reason behind the gender difference, but then he offered the New York Times a guess: “I don’t think the virus prefers any gender,” Dr. Zumla said, adding that he suspected that Saudi women might […]

Common Mental Health Problems During COVID -19 Pandemic

Dr.Jyoti Prakash , Dr. Pankaj GuptaINTRODUCTIONA new strain of Coronavirus family originated at Wuhan city of China in December 2019.Thisnovel corona virus is highly contagious and in just few months has become a serious threat tohuman health all over the world 1. The human to human transmission via droplets or directcontact predicted incubation period of […]

bali tour

COVID-19 infection

West Suffolk NHS Foundation Trust CG10393-3 Thromboprophylaxis, coagulopathy management and thrombosis in COVID-19 CLINICAL GUIDELINE CG10393-3 Thromboprophylaxis, coagulopathy management and thrombosis in COVID-19 infection Purpose of the Guideline There is limited international guidance on how to manage thrombotic risk, coagulopathy and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in patients with COVID-19 (SARs-CoV-2) infection. This document provides pragmatic […]

Telemedicine

 रजज री स.ं डी.एल.-33004/99 REGD. NO. D. L.-33004/99 स.ं 174] No. 174] ऄसाधारण EXTRAORDINARY भाग III—ख ड 4 PART III—Section 4 ाजधकार से काजित PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY नइ दद ली, बहृ पजतिार, मइ 14, 2020/ििै ाख 24, 1942 NEW DELHI, THURSDAY, MAY 14, 2020/VAISAKHA 24, 1942 भारतीय अय ु ि ान पररषद् के ऄजध […]

neurology for psychiatrists 1c

What is the definition of Cacosmia?Cacosmia is a disorder of the sense of smell. It’s a type of parosmia. It occurs when there’s a problem somewhere along the pathway of smell. When this happens, a person is unable to recognize smells or interpret the odours of different substances. Around in the United States are believed […]

case of suicide committed by a patient with psychiatric disorder while undergoing treatment in the hospital

  WATCH SERIES Medico Legal Case in PSYCHIATRY    A case of suicide committed by a patient with psychiatric disorder while undergoing treatment in the hospital (Source: h ps://indiankanoon.org/doc/119573600/) Summary The deceased was an engineering student. On complaint of fever and irrelevant talking, he was taken to Dr. V at a government […]

Why custodian of patient is in line of fire

Why custodian of patient is in line of fire Dr J Maheshwari Medical treatment has ad- vanced a lot with a battery of diagnostic tests, role of specialists and a range of options to choose from. What hasn’t ad- vanced though is the trust be- tween a doctor and patient. It has in fact regressed […]

Is there no value of MBBS without MD?

Is there no value of MBBS without MD? Exam based approach sadly have ruined MBBS. Let me explain 1 I see so many newly qualified NEET aspirants arguing on Quora that their College is best based on some parameters like new buildings or hostel. I am very sorry to say that they are wrong, 2 […]

oxygen concentrator

An oxygen concentrator is a device that concentrates the oxygen from a gas supply (typically ambient air) by selectively removing nitrogen to supply an oxygen-enriched product gas stream. Two methods in common use are pressure swing adsorption and membrane gas separation. Home medical oxygen concentrators were invented in the early 1970s, with the manufacturing output […]

Coronil

Ramdev sparked several controversies related to COVID-19 pandemic in India. In June 2020, he claimed that one can treat coronavirus by pouring mustard oil through the nose, making the virus flowing into the stomach, resulting in its ultimate death by the acid present in the stomach. He also claimed that if a person holds his […]

Ijp

   Honorary Editor: Dr. Vipul Singh drvipulsingh@yahoo.co.in Honorary Deputy Editor: Dr. S. K. Kar drsujita@gmail.com Honorary Associate Editors: Dr. Abdul Quadir Jilani imjilani@gmail.com Dr. Achyut Kumar Pandey achyutpandey575@gmail.com Dr. M. Aleem Siddiqui docaleem@gmail.com Honorary Assistant Editors: Dr. Amil H Khan amilhayatkhan@gmail.com Dr. Chhitij Srivastava srivastavachitij@gmail.com Dr. Ganesh Shankar shankyishere@gmail.com Dr. Manoj Prithviraj manoprithv@gmail.com […]

Medical Jousting

Medical Jousting. Student: Question * Dear sir,I started my practice a few years ago in my hometown and built my hospital.Recently, I got to know that one of the doctors was talking bad to the patients about our hospital being far from the town and that it is very expensive.How should one approach this situation? […]

Gbhattvbv

World Refund Policy Cookie Policy Privacy Policy Terms And Conditionsa Adverisments RUE-LETTE: The human cost of online gambling Tech 09/10/2022 FacebookTwitter https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/ads?client=ca-pub-5371956567022960&output=html&h=345&slotname=2846491399&adk=2966378968&adf=3551409679&pi=t.ma~as.2846491399&w=414&lmt=1665310539&rafmt=1&format=414×345&url=https%3A%2F%2Fhostingsignal.in%2Frue-lette-the-human-cost-of-online-gambling%2F&fwr=1&fwrattr=true&rpe=1&resp_fmts=3&sfro=1&wgl=1&dt=1665310538114&bpp=6&bdt=1015&idt=1000&shv=r20221003&mjsv=m202209290101&ptt=9&saldr=aa&abxe=1&cookie=ID%3Dbb72b3b459fd8bf8-224ac367ebd600d7%3AT%3D1665310538%3ART%3D1665310538%3AS%3DALNI_MZXR8UWz58VvFZxQ9XPo0d_aNLkkA&gpic=UID%3D00000a2a01329bd5%3AT%3D1665310538%3ART%3D1665310538%3AS%3DALNI_Madx7NLfhJsIyPEKBOjPllUwyG0Cg&prev_fmts=0x0&nras=1&correlator=7703209146653&frm=20&pv=1&ga_vid=754780298.1665310538&ga_sid=1665310539&ga_hid=335790849&ga_fc=1&u_tz=330&u_his=1&u_h=736&u_w=414&u_ah=736&u_aw=414&u_cd=32&u_sd=3&adx=0&ady=553&biw=414&bih=617&scr_x=0&scr_y=561&eid=44759875%2C44759926%2C44759837%2C44767667%2C44774717%2C42531706&oid=2&pvsid=2175478189532209&tmod=939378189&nvt=1&eae=0&fc=1920&brdim=0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C414%2C0%2C414%2C736%2C414%2C692&vis=1&rsz=%7C%7CoeE%7C&abl=CS&pfx=0&fu=128&bc=31&ifi=2&uci=a!2&fsb=1&xpc=f18Z1C7qr9&p=https%3A//hostingsignal.in&dtd=1157 Siphoning off money from employers, faking their own kidnapping for ransom, robbery and even taking their own lives, online gamblers can be pushed to desperate lengths. While gambling for money has been a […]

we need a Cultural Revolution?

Ever wondered why we tend to use metaphors as follows? Bill Gates is popularly called “Sultan of Software” (Google it, there is a documentary), but not “Raja of Software” Successful builders are called “Moguls of Real Estate” (Google it, there is a book), but not “Vijayanagars of Real Estate”, or “Mauryas of Real Estate”. Similarly, […]

Trofim LysenkoArticle TalkLanguageWatchEditIn this name that follows Eastern Slavic naming conventions, the patronymic is Denisovich and the family name is Lysenko.Trofim Denisovich Lysenko (Russian: Трофим Денисович Лысенко, Ukrainian: Трохи́м Дени́сович Лисе́нко, Ukrainian pronunciation: [troˈxɪm deˈnɪsowɪtʃ lɪˈsɛnko]; 29 September [O.S. 17 September] 1898 – 20 November 1976) was a Soviet agronomist and pseudo-scientist.[1] He was a strong proponent of Lamarckism, and rejected Mendelian genetics in favour of his own idiosyncratic, pseudoscientific ideas later termed Lysenkoism.[2][3]Trofim LysenkoТрофим ЛысенкоTrofim Lysenko portrait.jpgLysenko in 1938BornTrofim Denisovich Lysenko29 September 1898Karlivka, Poltava Governorate, Russian Empire (now Karlivka, Poltava Oblast, Ukraine)Died20 November 1976 (aged 78)Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet UnionCitizenshipSoviet UnionAlma materKiev Agricultural InstituteKnown forLysenkoismRejecting Mendelian inheritanceVernalizationScientific careerFieldsBiologyAgronomyInstitutionsSoviet Academy of SciencesSignature1943 Lysenko.jpgIn 1940, Lysenko became director of the Institute of Genetics within the USSR’s Academy of Sciences, and he used his political influence and power to suppress dissenting opinions and discredit, marginalize, and imprison his critics, elevating his anti-Mendelian theories to state-sanctioned doctrine.[4]Soviet scientists who refused to renounce genetics were dismissed from their posts and left destitute. Hundreds if not thousands of others were imprisoned. Several were sentenced to death as enemies of the state, including the botanist Nikolai Vavilov.[5] Lysenko’s ideas and practices contributed to the famines that killed millions of Soviet people;[5] the adoption of his methods from 1958 in the People’s Republic of China had similarly calamitous results, culminating in the Great Chinese Famine of 1959 to 1962.[5]Life and careerEditThe son of Denis and Oksana Lysenko, Trofim Lysenko was born into a peasant family of Ukrainian ethnicity in Karlivka, Poltava Governorate (present-day Poltava Oblast, Ukraine) on 29 September 1898.[6]As a young man working at the Kyiv Agricultural Institute (now the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine), Lysenko found himself interested in agriculture, where he worked on a few different projects, one involving the effects of temperature variation on the life-cycle of plants. This later led him to consider how he might use this work to convert winter wheat into spring wheat. He named the process “jarovization” in Russian, and later translated it as “vernalization”.[7]The conversion of winter wheat into spring wheat was not a new discovery. Scientific experiments had been done by Nikolai Vavilov.[8] It was Vavilov who initially supported Lysenko and encouraged him in his work. Lysenko had a difficult time trying to grow various crops (such as peas and wheat) through the harsh winters. However, when he announced success, he was praised in the Soviet newspaper Pravda for his claims to have discovered a method to fertilize fields without using fertilizers or minerals, and to have shown that a winter crop of peas could be grown in Azerbaijan, “turning the barren fields of the Transcaucasus green in winter, so that cattle will not perish from poor feeding, and the peasant Turk will live through the winter without trembling for tomorrow.”[9]Lysenko speaking at the Kremlin in 1935. Behind him are Stanislav Kosior, Anastas Mikoyan, Andrei Andreyev and Joseph StalinLysenko worked with different wheat crops to try to convert them to grow in different seasons. Another area Lysenko found himself interested in was the effect of heat on plant growth. He believed that every plant needed a determinate amount of heat throughout its lifetime. He attempted to correlate the time and the amount of heat required by a particular plant to go through various phases of development. To get his data he looked at the amount of growth, how many days went by, and the temperature on those days, instead of measuring any actual heat. In trying to determine the effects, he was making mistakes in statistical analysis of data. He was confronted by Maksimov, who was an expert on thermal plant development. Lysenko did not take well to this or any criticism. After this encounter, Lysenko boldly claimed that mathematics had no place in biology.[9]His experimental research in improved crop yields earned him the support of the Soviet leader Joseph Stalin, especially following the famine and loss of productivity resulting from crop failures and forced collectivization in several regions of the Soviet Union in the early 1930s.VernalizationEditIn 1927, at the age of 29, working at an agricultural experiment station in Azerbaijan, Lysenko embarked on the research that would lead to his 1928 paper on vernalization, which drew wide attention because of its potential practical implications for Soviet agriculture. Severe cold and lack of winter snow had destroyed many early winter-wheat seedlings. By treating wheat seeds with moisture as well as cold, Lysenko induced them to bear a crop when planted in spring. Lysenko coined the term “Jarovization” (яровизация) to describe this chilling process, which he used to make the seeds of winter cereals behave like spring cereals. (Because spring cereals are called Jarovoe in Russian – from jarovój, an archaic adjective meaning spring, especially in relation to crops). However, this method had already been known by farmers since the 1800s, and had recently been discussed in detail by Gustav Gassner in 1918. Lysenko himself translated Jarovization as “vernalization” (from the Latin vernum meaning Spring).[10] Lysenko’s claims for increased yields were based on plantings over a few hectares, and he believed that the vernalized transformation could be inherited, that the offspring of a vernalized plant would themselves possess the capabilities of the generation that preceded it – that it too would be able to withstand harsh winters or imperfect weather conditions.[11]Lysenko’s theoriesEditMain article: LysenkoismLysenko proposed an influence of the body on inheritance similar to Darwin’s pangenesis theory, that every part of the body emits tiny gemmules which migrate to the gonads and are transferred to offspring. Gemmules were thought to develop into their associated body parts as offspring matures. The theory implied that changes to the body during an organism’s life would be inherited, as proposed in Lamarckism.[12]Lysenko rejected Mendelian genetic inheritance theory in favour of his own logic. He believed Gregor Mendel’s theory to be too reactionary or idealist. Lysenko’s ideas were a mixture of his own, those of Russian agronomist Ivan Michurin, and of other Soviet scientists.[13] Through this mixture of ideas, Lysenko founded the “Michurinist” school of thought.[13] The core ideas are that body cells (the soma) determine the quality of an organism’s offspring; every part of the body contributes to the germ cells, in the manner of Darwin’s theory of pangenesis, though Lysenko denied any such connection.[14]These ideas were not directly derived from established biological theories such as Mendelian genetics, Lamarckism or Darwinism. He shaped his genetic concepts to support the simple practical purpose of breeding and improving crops. His ideas were also shaped to disprove other claims made by his fellow geneticists. His ideas and genetic claims later began to be termed “Lysenkoism”. He claimed that his ideas were not associated with Lamarckism, but there are similarities between the two ideas, such as a belief in the inheritance of acquired characteristics.[14] Some of Lysenko’s ideas can also seem to be vitalistic. He claimed that plants are self-sacrificing—they do not die due to a lack of sunlight or moisture but so that healthy ones may live and when they die they deposit themselves over the growing roots to help the new generation survive.[citation needed]One of several unsubstantiated Lysenkoist claims: vegetative hybridisation. The mechanism would imply an unobserved Lamarckian effect of scion on stock when a fruit tree is grafted.[14]Lysenko believed that in one generation of a hybridized crop, the desired individual could be selected, mated again and continue to produce the same desired product, not worrying about separation/segregation in future breeds. For that to work, he had to assume that after a lifetime of developing (acquiring) the best set of traits to survive, those were passed down to the next generation.[9] That assumption disregarded the potential for variation or mutation.Lysenko did not believe in genes and only spoke about them to say that they did not exist. He instead believed that any body, once alive, obtained heredity. That meant that the entirety of the body was able to pass on the hereditary information of that organism, and was not entirely dependent on a special element such as DNA or genes.[9] That puzzled biologists at that time because it went against established notions of heredity and inheritance. It also contradicted the Mendelian principles that most biologists had been using to base their ideas on.[15] Most scientists believed that Lysenko’s ideas were not credible, because they did not truly explain the mechanisms of inheritance. Biologists now consider that his beliefs are pseudo-scientific, with little relationship to genetics.[9]Lysenko argued that there is not only competition, but also mutual assistance among individuals within a species, and that mutual assistance also exists between different species.According to Lysenko,The organism and the conditions required for its life are an inseparable unity. Different living bodies require different environmental conditions for their development. By studying these requirements we come to know the qualitative features of the nature of organisms, the qualitative features of heredity. Heredity is the property of a living body to require definite conditions for its life and development and to respond in a definite way to various conditions.[16]Another of Lysenko’s theories was that obtaining more milk from cows did not depend on their genetics but on how they were treated. The better they were handled and taken care of, the more milk would be obtained; Lysenko and his followers were well known for taking very good care of their livestock.[17] Lysenko claimed that the cuckoo was born when young birds such as warblers were fed hairy caterpillars by the parent (rather than host) birds; this claim failed to recognise that the cuckoos he described were brood parasites.[18] Lysenkoites believed that fertilization was not random, but that there was specific selection of the best mate. For reasons like these, Lysenkoism can be viewed as pseudo-scientific.After World War II ended, Lysenko took an interest in the works of Olga Lepeshinskaya, an older feldsher and biologist, who claimed to be able to create cells from egg yolk and non-cellular matter. Lepeshinskaya recognized common ground between her ideas and Lysenko’s. By combining both of their ideas it was possible to proclaim that cells could grow from non-cellular material and that the predicted ratios of Mendelian genetics and meiosis were incorrect, thus undermining the basis of modern cytology, as well as genetics.[9]Consequences of LysenkoismEditLysenko forced farmers to plant seeds very close together since, according to his “law of the life of species”, plants from the same “class” never compete with one another.[5] Lysenko played an active role in the famines that killed millions of Soviet people and his practices prolonged and exacerbated the food shortages.[5] The People’s Republic of China under Mao Zedong adopted his methods starting in 1958, with calamitous results, culminating in the Great Chinese Famine of 1959 to 1962, in which some 15–55 million people died.[note 1][5]Outside the Soviet Union, scientists spoke critically: British biologist S. C. Harland lamented that Lysenko was “completely ignorant of the elementary principles of genetics and plant physiology” (Bertram Wolfe, 2017). Criticism from foreigners did not sit well with Lysenko, who loathed Western “bourgeois” scientists and denounced them as tools of imperialist oppressors. He especially detested the American-born practice of studying fruit flies, the workhorse of modern genetics. He called such geneticists “fly lovers and people haters”.[27]During the 1930s and ’40s, the VASKhNIL served as a floor for debate between Lysenkoists and geneticists. On August 7, 1948, at the end of a week-long session organized by Lysenko and approved by Stalin,[28] the V.I. Lenin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (VASKhNIL) announced that from that point on Lysenkoism would be taught as “the only correct theory.” Soviet scientists were forced to denounce any work that contradicted Lysenko.[29] Several geneticists who refused to denounce the theory were executed (including Izrail Agol, Solomon Levit, Grigorii Levitskii, Georgii Karpechenko and Georgii Nadson) or sent to labor camps. One prominent critic of Lysenko, the famous Soviet geneticist and president of the Agriculture Academy, Nikolai Vavilov, was arrested in 1940 and died in prison in 1943.[30] Before the 1930s, the Soviet Union had arguably the best genetics community. According to The Atlantic writer Sam Kean, “Lysenko gutted it, and by some accounts, set Russian biology and agronomy back a half-century”.[5] Lysenko’s work was eventually recognized as fraudulent by some, “but not before he had wrecked the lives of many and destroyed the reputation of Russian biology” according to scientist Peter Gluckman.[31]PoliticsEditDuring the early and mid twentieth century the Soviet Union went through war and revolution. Political oppression caused tension within the state but also promoted the flourishing of science: this was possible due to the flow of resources and demand for results. Lysenko aimed to manipulate various plants such as wheat and peas to increase their production, quality, and quantity, while he impressed political officials with his success in motivating peasants to return to farming.[32]The Soviet Union’s collectivist reforms forced the confiscation of agricultural landholdings from peasant farmers and heavily damaged the country’s overall food production, and the dispossessed peasant farmers posed new problems for the regime. Many had abandoned the farms altogether; many more waged resistance to collectivization by poor work quality and pilfering. The dislocated and disenchanted peasant farmers were a major political concern to the USSR’s leadership.[33] Lysenko became prominent during this period by advocating radical but unproven agricultural methods, and also promising that the new methods provided wider opportunities for year-round work in agriculture. He proved himself very useful to the Soviet leadership by reengaging peasants to return to work, helping to secure from them a personal stake in the overall success of the Soviet revolutionary experiment.[32]Timeline of Genetics and Science in the Soviet UnionLysenko’s success at encouraging farmers to return to working their lands impressed Stalin, who also approved of Lysenko’s peasant background, as Stalin claimed to stand with the proletariat. By the late 1920s, the USSR’s leaders had given their support to Lysenko. This support was a consequence, in part, of policies put in place by the Communist Party to rapidly promote members of the proletariat into leadership positions in agriculture, science and industry. Party officials were looking for promising candidates with backgrounds similar to Lysenko’s: born of a peasant family, without formal academic training or affiliations to the academic community.[34] Due to close partnership between Stalin and Lysenko, Lysenko acquired an influence over genetics in the Soviet Union during the early and mid twentieth century. Lysenko eventually became the director of Genetics for the Academy of Sciences in 1940, which gave him even more control over genetics.[4] He remained in the position for more than two decades, throughout the reigns of Stalin and Nikita Khruschchev, until he was relieved of his duties in 1965.After StalinEditIn 1955, an attempt was made to disempower Lysenko, with a letter signed by more than three hundred scientists, the so-called “Letter of three hundred”, which was sent to Nikita Khrushchev. It led to Lysenko resigning temporarily but he returned to power through the efforts of Khrushchev.[35] Though Lysenko remained at his post in the Institute of Genetics until 1965, his influence on Soviet agricultural practice had declined after the death of Stalin in 1953.[36] Lysenko retained his position, with the support of the new leader Nikita Khrushchev. However, mainstream scientists re-emerged and found new willingness within Soviet government leadership to tolerate criticism of Lysenko, the first opportunity since the late 1920s. In 1962, three of the most prominent Soviet physicists, Yakov Zeldovich, Vitaly Ginzburg, and Pyotr Kapitsa, presented a case against Lysenko, proclaiming his work as pseudoscience. They also denounced Lysenko’s application of political power to silence opposition and eliminate his opponents within the scientific community. These denunciations occurred during a period of structural upheaval in Soviet government, during which the major institutions were purged of the strictly ideological and political machinations which had controlled the work of the Soviet Union’s scientific community for several decades under Stalin.In 1964, physicist Andrei Sakharov spoke out against Lysenko in the General Assembly of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR:He is responsible for the shameful backwardness of Soviet biology and of genetics in particular, for the dissemination of pseudo-scientific views, for adventurism, for the degradation of learning, and for the defamation, firing, arrest, even death, of many genuine scientists.[37]The Soviet press was soon filled with anti-Lysenkoite articles and appeals for the restoration of scientific methods to all fields of biology and agricultural science. In 1965,[38][39] Lysenko was removed from his post as director of the Institute of Genetics at the Academy of Sciences and restricted to an experimental farm in Moscow’s Lenin Hills (the Institute itself was soon dissolved). After Khrushchev’s dismissal in 1964, the president of the Academy of Sciences declared that Lysenko’s immunity to criticism had officially ended. An expert commission was sent to investigate records kept at Lysenko’s experimental farm. His secretive methods and ideas were revealed. A few months later, a devastating critique of Lysenko was made public.[40] Consequently, Lysenko was immediately disgraced in the Soviet Union.[41]After Lysenko’s monopoly on biology and agronomy had ended, it took many years for these sciences to recover in Russia. Lysenko died in Moscow in 1976, and was ultimately interred in the Kuntsevo Cemetery,[42] although the Soviet government refused to announce Lysenko’s death for two days after th

Trofim Lysenko Articl In this name that follows Eastern Slavic naming conventions, the patronymic is Denisovich and the family name is Lysenko. Trofim Denisovich Lysenko (Russian: Трофим Денисович Лысенко, Ukrainian: Трохи́м Дени́сович Лисе́нко, Ukrainian pronunciation: [troˈxɪm deˈnɪsowɪtʃ lɪˈsɛnko]; 29 September [O.S. 17 September] 1898 – 20 November 1976) was a Soviet agronomist and pseudo-scientist.[1] He was a strong proponent of Lamarckism, and rejected Mendelian genetics in favour of his own idiosyncratic, pseudoscientific ideas later termed Lysenkoism.[2][3] Trofim Lysenko Трофим Лысенко Lysenko in 1938Born Trofim […]

Facilities at Deemagclinic

I am a neuropsychiatrist , epileptologist and electroencephalographer My address is-DR P K Gupta.MBBS (Hons),MD(Psy.Med)61/5 Gandhi Road,Dehradun,UK,India-248001ph 91 135 2621343 Mo 9837425545 e mail dr.pkgupta@yahoo.com, dr.pkgupta@gmail.com dr.pkgupta@hotmail.com web site http://www.deemagclinic.com EDUCATION: MBBS from University of Agra,  (September 1979 to 1985)(MBBS with Honors in ENT) MD from University of Agra, India(August 1987-Aug 1989)(Doctor of medicine in […]

The National Advisory Board (NAB) of IAPP’s

The National Advisory Board (NAB) is the supreme authority as per the IAPP’s registered constitution (2002). It can overrule decisions made by the Executive Committee (EC) and the General Body Meeting (GBM). It also holds the power to amend any rules at any time. The NAB was initially constituted by the 15 founder signatories of […]

Alok Ahuja

Doctors were governed by IMC Act and the government is now introducing ‘Clinical Establishment Act’. What is the need for such a regulation now? The Indian Medical Council Act has been a fantastic and has served this country over 70 years. The MCI has two important jobs under the medical act which are quality of […]

Sarojini Naidu Medical College, AgraMinistry Of Medical Education, Govt. Of Uttar Pradesh

Sarojini Naidu Medical College, AgraMinistry Of Medical Education, Govt. Of Uttar Pradesh AFFILIATED :ATAL BIHARI VAJPAYEE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY UTTAR PRADESH  RECOGNIZED :MEDICAL COUNCIL OF INDIA              MENU              Home               About SNMC              – – History              – – Infrastructure              – – […]

Mrs Ghose

Gun in school Kamal chair Wali incident Chase by boys

The Shri Guru Ram Rai (SGRR) Institutions

The Shri Guru Ram Rai (SGRR) Institutions, a cornerstone of education and healthcare in Uttarakhand, trace their roots to a legacy of service, spirituality, and vision. Founded under the aegis of the Shri Guru Ram Rai Darbar Sahib, a prominent Sikh religious institution established in 1676 by Guru Ram Rai, the eldest son of the […]

Dr Pooran Chand Kumar in medical college

Dr. Kumar’s pursuit of a medical degree at Dayanand Medical College and Hospital (DMCH) in Ludhiana during the 1950s or 1960s reflects his dedication to both personal ambition and societal service. Below is a concise overview of DMCH’s historical context, academic environment, infrastructure, and culture during that period, tailored to provide insight into his experience. […]